Context and principles for early years provision Essay

1.1 Within a setting practitioners have to follow and refer to all relevant early years framework. This framework is relevant to all children aged 0-5 who attend a playgroup, preschool or a nursery/ reception class at school. The framework clearly sets out all the legal requirements that the practitioners must meet. In section 2 of the framework the legal requirements relating to a child’s learning and development are explained and set out. This section explains the early learning goals, educational programmes and assessment arrangements. Section 3 of the EYFS framework explains the legal requirements regarding a child’s welfare. This section sets out principles and requirements about safeguarding and promoting a child’s welfare, what suitable environment, setting and equipment would consist of and the organisation/ documentation regarding the child and their education. This framework provides guidance for practitioners which allows them access to useful advice and detailed information when supporting a child’s learning, development and welfare. This help them to improve their practice which helps give children a better start to their life in education as the practitioner will understand how to help them move forward with their learning and development yet still be safe and comfortable within the setting. Practitioners would be able to refer to national guidelines such as Ofsted. Guidelines are used by practitioners to help them bring out the best and care for the children in their care. The guidelines such as the EYFS framework set out clear information and cover all aspects of a child’s safety, health, development, welfare and so on. They help to point practitioners to success and efficient practice when working with children. 1.2Â  There are different approaches that can be taken by a practitioner when they are working with children in the early years. There are theories that were carried out by educational pioneers that stood up for what children need. These theories are still referred to and used in practice today. One of the educational pioneers is Maria Montessori and she worked with children who had learning difficulties. She spent a lot of her time observing children. Her theory was that every child is unique, in comparison to adults and other children, and that their individuality must be respected throughout the education process. She believed that if a child was placed in the correct environment they children would ‘normalize’. This means that they will develop into whole, peaceful adults with love of learning. She devised a structured teaching programme based on her observations. By doing this she designed, what she called, didactic materials. These encouraged children to use their hand and help them move onto more complex exercises. Maria thought it was important that children learnt how to work independently when they were young so that they can maintain that skill throughout their lives. Maria Montessori theory is used more in private schools. A way that schools use her theory is by teaching the children to become independent and learn to do things for themselves and by themselves at a young age. They send children home with homework so that they work independently at home away from the teachers or other children’s help and are encouraged to only seek the help of their parents when the y need help to understand the homework. This then helps the practitioner assess the child’s knowledge and helps them become aware of the areas they need more help with. Observations are used within a school regularly to determine what stages a child is at. Practitioners will then evaluate these observations to come up with teaching programmes and ways in which they can promote certain areas of development and learning. The high scope approach encourages children to make their own decisions when it comes to activities within a setting. This helps to encourage independent and active learning getting the children involved when practitioners are planning, carrying out and reviewing activities. The key features of the high scope approach are active learning- children learn best by being involved and being active; personal initiative- children have a desire to learn and develop; consistency- this helps children to become confident, independent learners; Relationships- children need to feel happy, comfortable and secure; Partnership- practitioners need to be able to build a strong relationship which children parents and to achieve and the appropriate curri culum- children need to be guided by a curriculum that suits their development and learning. All of these features are used within a setting every day. My setting follows all the key features of the high scope approach. For example the practitioners are always vibrant, enthusiastic and warming allowing them to build effective relationships with children and their parents. They carry out all sorts of activities and follow a curriculum that promotes all areas of development and learning. They have a range of different toys, materials and resources to help them make fun but educational ways of encouraging a child’s development and learning. This helps a child to blossom and grow the best way they can yet still be excited about continuing their learning. 1.3Â  Every child within a setting has individual needs and between children these needs will vary. A child’s individuality, ideas and feelings need to be valued and respected by practitioners as well as other children. This is an important aspect of developing a personal and individual approach to a child’s learning and development. There are needs that apply to all children within in a setting. Some of these are physical needs such as food, drink and shelter so that they are healthy, warm and safe. They also have psychological needs such as affection, comfort and love as these feelings will allow the children to build stable relationships and friendships. This will help the child develop a personality and will allow them to let their individuality shine and develop and share their own ideas and feelings. Intellectual, stimulation and independence are all needs that need to be full filled by every child. However, children have independent needs. For example, a child that has got a cough may have been to the doctors and been prescribed some medicine to help them recover. This child would then have to rely on the practitioner to remember when they need to take the medicine and how much they need to take. When practitioners are recognising and attempting to meet a child’s needs they have to take into consideration the child’s age, gender, maturity, their emotional development, intellectual abilities, social skills, past experiences and the relationships they have built with others. Practitioners should experiment different activities and ways to full fill children’s needs; this will help them to decide what they enjoy. It will also give them the chance to be imaginative and develop in different areas in several ways.

Barrack Obama Inaugural Speech Analysis Essay

Barrack Obama’s inaugural speech was in many ways similar to his predecessors, cleverly written, thoroughly rehearsed and immaculately delivered. However in many ways it was different, different in the colour of Presidents skin, different in the time the oath was taken â€Å"amidst gathering clouds and raging storms†, different in the state of Americas economy. America wanted change and barrack Obama was that change. His inaugural speech was the first time he didn’t need to win votes or fight his campaign, instead he needed to earn the respect of his people, and he did it masterfully. Obamas main aim at the start of the speech is to make a connection with the audience and gain their support. He does this by moving from singular â€Å"I stand here today† to the plural â€Å"We the people† which engages the audience to make them feel involved and significant with the use of personal pronouns. The following sentences continue towards this goal with the use of anaphora â€Å"they are† â€Å"they are† â€Å"they will be† â€Å"they will not be† he does this to instil the audiences confidence in Obama and show that he is in control of the situation by repeating the authoritative phrases. This also incorporates antithetic parallelism â€Å"they will not be† â€Å"they will be† this is used to give the impression Obama is overcoming a problem by first using the negative not implying an issue and then the positive â€Å"will be† showing it is overcome, furthering the audiences assurance in Obama. Addressing the audience as a nation is used to rouse feelings of loyalty and patriotism extending Obamas connection with the audience by establishing the common feeling of pride in their country, and consequently their president. Once Obama has established a bond and created a sense of community amongst the audience he begins the transition from past tense to future which is cleverly done with the use of repetition â€Å"so it has been. So it must be† which prepares the audience for hard hitting issues which Obama raises unambiguously â€Å"our nation is at war† â€Å"homes have been lost† â€Å"our schools fail too many†, the open manner Obama presents these issues in make the audience feel trusted and the use of the personal pronoun â€Å"our† makes the audience feel responsible and powerful in solving these predominant problems. When addressing these issues Obama use emotive and language and imagery such as â€Å"violence and hatred† and â€Å"greed and irresponsibility† which adds emotion and shows the audience that Obama is passionate about solving the problems he faces which adds impact and conviction to the line â€Å"know this America they will be met† which regains the trust and support of the audience by promising that he will solve these problems. Obama adds emphasis and effects on messages by drawing a contrast â€Å"rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace† compared to â€Å"gathering clouds and raging storms† by talking about the opposite in a positive manner â€Å"raising tides of prosperity† it makes the later, negative phrase â€Å"raging storms† even more powerful and impactful. Throughout Obamas speech he tries to appeal to all members of Americas â€Å"patchwork heritage† He tries to bond the all members of the country b y addressing â€Å"Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus† and bravely â€Å"non-believers† by addressing them all as a one nation.

Family Concept Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Family Concept - Essay Example Legitimization of children born is of course a universal criterion of marriage. Another factor related to the subject marriage is 'legal paternity'. Dr. Edmund Leach in Europe is of the opinion that no definition could be found that would apply to all the institutions which is commonly accepted as marriage. He referred to ten classes of rights which are related with the word marriage. He is flexible in his approach and states "we ought to feel free to call 'marriage' any institution which fulfils any one or more of the selected criteria". Dr. Leach cites the case of Nayar, the Kerala person in Kerala community. His marriage is not accepted as traditional marriage but a "relationship of perpetual affinity" between linked lineages" (Gough 1955a). The ritual husbands of Nayar girls had no obligation to the brides after the ritual was over. The ritual wife also has no obligation except observing pollution rites at death of the ritual husband... The children born to the woman after marriage have no notion of paternity. . The marriage was basically exogamous with matrilineage character having allegiance to the family of head of the village which might be patrilineal Nayar... Such traditional scattered groups all over the world lost the cohesion of tradition later but kept together by thin thread of kinship. What is the actual family scenario in the western world today The institution of marriage is present but the divorce rate remained as high as 50%. The rate of marriage is coming down and the system of co-habitation started in which men and women live together without marriage. The status of family in this new system is very weak... Couples who once might have wed and then divorced now are not marrying at all. Co-habitation is never good for children because it increases family instability. Cohabiting couples have twice the break up rate of married couples only because there is no family bond between the couples. 40% of children in USA come under this fold of loose family set up. 8.1% of US coupled household are made of unmarried but heterosexual partners. The percentage of children who grow with both biological parents is the lowest at 63%. The divorce rate in USA being one of the highest the family status in this country is the weakest with the highest rate of solo parenting. In this type of a weak family concept and social scenario any university would remain confused about promotion of a well-defined family set up. Therefore my concept of a family set up would be one where there is unity, love and peace among all the family members to promote the objective of everybody's life. Generation has due recognition in any society and family but not from the marginal point of view as it was earlier...We often hear about generation gap. The emergence of global generation that started in 1960s has world wide repercussions today with major development in new electronic communication and international consciousness. The future generation will be uniquely influenced by web technology with the introduction of social networking services like MySpace, social bookmaking sites like Yahoo's del.icio.us, and peer to peer social networks like the blogosphere and the cell phones... Today the word

The Idea of Social Networking Literature review

The Idea of Social Networking - Literature review Example What is most important to understand is the fact that electronic commerce is now starting to emerge into an entirely new way. The Google Adsense, Craiglist.com has made the advertising cheaper and readily reachable to the targeted audience. The idea of social networking1 added much to this concept as now marketers are targeting such social networking communities to derive strong word of mouth for the products and services they offer. Therefore social networking coupled with electronic commerce not provided an opportunity to meet and broaden the social network of individuals but marketers also tapped a new avenue for marketing the products and services in much unique and effective way. As discussed above that social network are groups who share common characteristics and are willing to formulate common platforms which help them to discuss and share their interests, attitudes, likings, disliking, professional information etc. However, what is critical is the fact that social networks have now emerged in a much broader sense. Information technology has broadened the scope and depth of such networks by providing a cheap alternative to meeting electronically. As a result, not only ordinary social networks such as Facebook emerged but professional social networks have been developed too where professional belonging to the same profession often discuss their ideas and information. While discussing social networking, it is also important to discuss social software, a new word which is re-defining how people tend to meet. Social software has been defined as a set of social tools which allow its users to create, support, manage as well as discover interpersonal relationships. (Teten & Allen, 2005). In an essence, therefore, social software provides an opportunity to support the conversation between the members or groups, create and support the social feedback received during that conversation and finally help the emergence of social networks. This can be achieved either through the formation of personal websites, online forums, instant messengers such as MSN and Yahoo, creating blogs or finally websites such as facebook, myspace etc. Castells define a network society as a society "whose social structure is made of networks powered by microelectronics-based information and communication technologies" (Manuel. Castells, 2004). This very definition hints towards how the information flows with the help of new technologies and subsequently helps to formulate societies which share particular traits or characteristics. One of the commonest characteristics is the use of information technology to get connected with each other. Viewing in that perspective, social networking may also be described as the potential network or electronic societies which allow people to formulate groups that share common characteristics. Â  

Pilot shortage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pilot shortage - Research Paper Example The United States needs to make major changes in the airline industry and pilot certification programs now, to protect the industry from the devastating effects of this shortage, and to ensure the continued stability of airline travel both nationally, and internationally for years to come. A pilot, also known as an aviator, is the person in control of an aircraft during flight. In terms of the safety of the flight, pilots are the most vital single component, because they are responsible for the aircraft during travel. According to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) commercial aircraft are required to have two pilots in the cockpit during Air Carrier operations, and to ensure there is someone who can take control during an emergency. For the last decades, the shortage of people entering the field of aviation has been growing, creating a notable shortage of pilots. There are a number of reasons that there are not enough pilots to currently meet America’s need for air travel including: increased rate of pilot retirement, decreased qualified individuals entering the field of aviation, increased restrictions and requirements, and increased demand for air travel services. As a result, the pilot shortage has been a growing problem in United States aviation industry, and if not solved carefully, it is a deficit that could lead to many serious problems. However, with efforts from all parts of aviation industry, pilot shortage is not a no-solution problem. A pilot shortage is the inadequacy or insufficiency of people qualified to actively and directly operate the â€Å"directional flight controls of an aircraft while it is in flight† (Wikipedia, 2015). Culturally, it refers to a situation where America currently, or any country, has very few aviators currently employed, creating a situation where there are not enough

Response to Coments on DQ1 KS and DQ2 CH W9 Essay

Response to Coments on DQ1 KS and DQ2 CH W9 - Essay Example Companies can always generate additional cash without the dependence of revenues by selling its common stock in the stock market. The cash that is obtained selling common stocks would be categorized as an investment activity in the statement of cash flow. Cash obtained from a loan are categorized as financing activities. DQ2 Cash and its evaluation in the statement of cash flow is very important because a company can generate revenues and positive net income, but if the firm does not have sufficient cash to pay off its debt the firm may run out of business. A liquidity ratio that tests the ability of the firm to pay off its short term debt is the current ratio. A innovate way that managers can utilize the statement of cash flow is by applying vertical analysis. Vertical analysis reports the different amounts in the financial statement as a percentage of another item (Accountingcoach, 2011). For example the manager takes the different amounts of cash from each of the operating activit ies and divides it by the total cash balance at the end of the statement of cash flow. The results of the vertical analysis can be compared to the previous year vertical analysis results. References Accountingcoach.com (2011).

Domestic surveillance or spying on Americans by government Essay

Domestic surveillance or spying on Americans by government - Essay Example He further explained that the law sometimes fails to guarantee security to the population. This is evident sometimes when cops arrest and charge wrong persons or obtain authority to conduct searches in places. From this case, Mr.Yoo gave the concept of the error rate; he argued that it should be lowered as much as possible when conducting surveillance (Yoo). Question 2 The surveillance conducted on citizens has shown that privacy in this century is not taken seriously. Private information, which is meant to be secret, has been brought to public. This has been made easy with the ever-increasing technology and innovation of sophisticated components that the government and private firms can use for spying. The disclosure and use of private information has made governments come up with ways and policies of guarding information from being exploited and getting into the wrong hands. According to West (1), Edward Snowden leaked information to the public regarding NSA surveillance of its cit izens. The information provided by Snowden shows that the government was monitoring phone calls inclusive of locations and destinations of the calls. Additionally, surveillance was conducted 5 years without the knowledge of the citizens. The government took a stand to explain to its citizen that surveillances conducted were meant for security reasons. Evidence also arises from what Snowden’s information to the public that the government was using utilities like boundless informant. The tool is said to be used by the NSA for tracking down the sources of information collected. A number of hacking attempts by the US government as claimed by Snowden was conducted in Chinese institutions such as the Chinese University of Hong Kong.... The surveillance conducted on citizens has shown that privacy in this century is not taken seriously. Private information, which is meant to be secret, has been brought to public. This has been made easy with the ever-increasing technology and innovation of sophisticated components that the government and private firms can use for spying. The disclosure and use of private information has made governments come up with ways and policies of guarding information from being exploited and getting into the wrong hands. According to West (1), Edward Snowden leaked information to the public regarding NSA surveillance of its citizens. The information provided by Snowden shows that the government was monitoring phone calls inclusive of locations and destinations of the calls. Additionally, surveillance was conducted 5 years without the knowledge of the citizens. The government took a stand to explain to its citizen that surveillances conducted were meant for security reasons. Evidence also arises from what Snowden’s information to the public that the government was using utilities like boundless informant. The tool is said to be used by the NSA for tracking down the sources of information collected. A number of hacking attempts by the US government as claimed by Snowden was conducted in Chinese institutions such as the Chinese University of Hong Kong. The Chinese government confronted the U.S. government demanding to know the hacking missions conducted on their institutions.

IT-6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IT-6 - Essay Example Differences in culture and language barriers are significant issues requiring scrutiny, as virtually every foreign nation has a different value and belief system, while making the process of relating to these customers more difficult due to the use of a different language. IS systems must be built with these factors in mind, including the appropriate usage of the foreign language on the international auction website. Political barriers are the most complicated, as many foreign countries block the free access of information to its society, therefore these factors must be considered prior to building the appropriate international auction website. Will the people in this type of nation be able to help build profitability? These are questions that must be considered prior to going international. I have located three commercial sites in different markets which offer affiliate programs: PowerWebsites.com, Office Depot.com, and Barnes&Noble booksellers. Powerwebsites is a marketing entity which utilizes its technological expertise to help companies build higher customer volumes through affiliate marketing. The online version of Office Depot provides office-related products, including papers, printers, desks and more. Barnes & Noble is a leading bookstore with bricks and mortar locations across the country. Powerwebsites provides FREE sign-up for the affiliate program, with a 20% commission on all sales generated by the program. Payouts are promised at a minimum of $25 in return for placing a companys web link on their site. Powerwebsites pays their commission on a pay per sale basis, meaning that the customer must not only click on the link, but also must make a purchase at the partner website. OfficeDepot.com provides an affiliate program which is also a pay per sale, meaning that customers must actually click this link AND make a purchase at the site. Their affiliate program promises a 20% commission on these

Today’s “Alternative” Newspapers Essay Example for Free

Today’s â€Å"Alternative† Newspapers Essay Two fundamental cultural currents swept through America in the latter half of the Twentieth Century. In the mid-1950’s the Beat Generation began flourish primarily cour-tesy of the â€Å"hip† authors of the time: Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg and William S. Bur-roughs. Within a short decade the second wave, arguably built on the first, known as â€Å"hippies† developed primarily through the young musicians of the era: The Warlocks, later known as The Grateful Dead and Jefferson Airplane to name just two. Along with the music came the War in Vietnam, the Civil Rights Movement, campus protests and a very healthy distrust of anyone over thirty and anything of Mainstream America. The flower children of the sixties had no trust of the â€Å"establishment† newspapers and alternative â€Å"free presses† came into being. Like most things in popular culture the East and West Coast took the lead and eventually any city of size or any city with a large university had a â€Å"radical† free press. Two of the oldest were The Village Voice in New York (Greenwich Village) was born in 1955. The West Coast had the LA Free Press, es-tablished in 1965. These two â€Å"alternative†, â€Å"radical† or â€Å"underground† papers were the strongest and most influential of the genre which included The Detroit Free Press, the Berkeley Barb and the San Francisco Oracle among a host of others. (1) All of the papers shared an â€Å"in your face† attitude towards â€Å"Amerika† as their edi-tors preferred to write. All of the papers were ferociously opposed to the War in Vietnam, the â€Å"military-industrial complex† and traditional politicians. Their reporters religiously covered every rock music show that came to town and every album they produced. Popu-lar â€Å"underground† comics, such as The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers, Susie Cream-cheese and Mr. Natural provided ribald if not pornographic humor. Not to be forgotten was some of the strangest classified ads to ever be published. As Grace Slick, songstress and radical voice of the Jefferson Airplane proclaimed at Woodstock, â€Å"It’s a new dawn. † Times changed and virtually all of the free presses faded like so many denim jeans. The two notable exceptions just happened to be the oldest, The Village Voice and the LA Free Press. Both have gone from hard copy newsprint found in â€Å"head shops† to electronic print found by Google. But the attitude remains. The LA Free Press, always the most radical, lists a daily death count of Iraqi citizens and bills itself as â€Å"the true alternative to corporate controlled media. † (2) The Village Voice is still growing on its radical liberal roots but has a mellower style and prefers to rejoice in all things New York. (3) Despite their longevity and acceptance by a now-international audience, either paper would still blanch at the thought of being considered â€Å"mainstream† and both are still in-fluential, entertaining and worth reading. Works Cited (1) Stephens,Mitchell. â€Å"History of Newspapers†. Colliers Encyclopedia On-Line. http://www. nyu. edu/classes/stephens/Colliers%20page. htm (2) The Los Angeles Free Press. http://www. losangelesfreepress. com/ (3) The Village Voice. http://www. villagevoice. com/

12 Angry Men Essay Example for Free

12 Angry Men Essay In 12 angry men there are many themes that are present one of the major themes that is found was present is, one determined and skilled individual can wield a lot of influence. Juror number eight is a â€Å"quiet, thoughtful, gentle man† he seesall points of the argument and wants to find the truth. On the other hand juror number three is â€Å"a very strong, very forceful, extremely opinionated man† his opinion is all that matters and if other people don’t agree with it they are automatically wrong. All of the characters in this story help develop the theme but in my opinion jurors number three and eight play a very large role in it. Juror three is a very outward with his opinion from the beginning. He lets everyone know what he thinks and that no one will be able to change his mind. In his mind his opinion is the most important thing and no one can say anything against it. When others try to look at all the facts and have a discussion he finds that it is pointless and a waste of his time because he will not change his vote from guilty and that means everyone else must be the ones to agree with him. See more: Satirical elements in the adventure of Huckleberry Finn essay This juror is a man who is very â€Å"easily excitable† as the say in the book many times. He will snap at any moment when someone else is trying to share their opinion just because they say something that doesn’t support what he thinks. His anger plays a large part in developing him as a character. There are many jurors that don’t want to deal with him and are scared to speak up to say what they think because there is no telling the next time number three will start to yell at them. The other characters see him as an angry man who is too stubborn to listen to what anyone else has to say. In this book juror three often explodes into extremely loud yelling while everyone else is trying to keep calm and decide on a fair verdict on the case. At one point during the story juror number eight is trying to calmly explain the facts and evidence that proves juror threes opinion wrong and instead of calmly listening like everyone else he tries to attack juror eight; having to be held back by three of the oher men. This shows a lot about his character as a man. He is a loud man set in his ways that has lived with one opinion on the situation nd isnt willing to change it. The boy who is being charged with allegedly killing his father is black and that causes a lot of mixed opinions within the jury room. Juror three doesn’t seem to like anyone who is black or from a certain area of town which is not the best. There is a larhe amount of prejudice in this book not only from juror three,  and it seems to alter a lot of the thoughts of some of the jurors. The way that he tries to influence people to be on his side is not very effective at all, no one wants to listen to him because all he does is yell and scream at them without backing up what hes saying with any facts. Juror number eight also has a set opinion from the beginning of the story but he has a completely different way of approaching things. He is very quiet and keeps his thoughts to himself at the beginning. When it gets to talking about facts and evidence he has a lot to say but doesn’t try and force the other jurors to agree with him. He only wants to fully discuss all of the information that has been presented to try and determine what the fair verdict should be. At first I don’t think he was even 100% sure that he wanted to vote not guilty he did it mostly because a boys life is at atake and he couldn’t let that go without talking about it. Juror eight is a calm man who is very nice and tries his best to state what he thinks is right but not do it in a forceful way. He isnt saying that there is only his opinion on the case but he also doesn’t say that what anyone else thinks is wrong. This man wanted only to try and come to find the truth instead of just saying that the boy is guilty without full examining everything. Juror eight took the time to look at the facts and put personal opinions aside which is the compete opposite of what juror number three did. The way that he stayed very calm even when everyone else was yelling at each other is one thing that I think really helped influence othe r jurors to change their vote. Even after jjuror wight said only a few things they tooka asecond vote and he already had convinced someone to agree with his view on the case. The way he could calmly debate what everyone else was gettinginto large arguments about without changing from the very calm and not outspoken person that he is was a large factor in amking other people change their vote. He brought up very valid points that no one else would have thought twice about without him. By keeping his personal feelings on the boys race etc he was able to come up with a better end result than that of everyone else. He is a very influencial man who was really only looking for the truth in a case that is made up of a lot of lies and exxagerations. Juror eight and juror three might seem like complete opposites who could never be thought of as having some things alike. This though is not completely true. Yes, they have very different personalities and ways of going about explaining their  opinions but there is some similarity. They both have aclear stance on whether or not they think the boy is guilty. Also they both want to convince the rest of the jury that their opinion is right. Even through all the arguments and yelling that was done they do have a couple of things that are similar between them. The way that everyone in this book especially juror eight debated his point shows how someone who is determined and who knows what they are saying can convince many to believe their side. Juror eight in the end got everyone to vote not guilty because of the way he went about explaining his point. He didn’t yell and just say that his opinion was right just because he thought so, there was evidence to back it up that no one else would have seen if it weren’t for him.

Deregulation And Globalization in the Banking Sector

Deregulation And Globalization in the Banking Sector Globalization refers to the process by which economies, cultures and societies integrate through global networks such as communication, trade and transportation. Economic globalization is the most famous form of globalization. Economic globalization refers to the integration of regional and national economies into a common international economy by engaging in trade, spread of technology, migration and direct foreign investment. In the economic sense, globalization refers to the elimination or removal of barriers on the national borders with the aim of facilitating smooth flow of goods, services, capital and labor (Agdish, pg 101).Globalization leads to emergence of global financial markets and access to external funding. The global recession of 2007-2010 is an example of financial instability occasioned by globalization. The industrial production blossoms due to globalization that makes it possible for economies to access to foreign products with particular reference to the movement of goods and materials across national borders. Deregulation on the other hand refers to the elimination of government regulation or rules that hinder free operation of the market forces (Velde, pg 85). It means limiting government control on the trade and business processes thus promoting free trade. Globalization and deregulation have an impact on the optimal boundary of financial institutions in Turkey such as Finans Bank, Dexia, Akbank Turam Alem Bank, EFG Euro bank and NBG. This paper highlights the effects of deregulation and globalization in the banking and financial sector and its impact on the optimal boundaries of companies and firms in the financial sector. Deregulation and globalization are some of the external factors that encourage and promote consolidation in the financial services sector thus affecting the optimal boundaries of firms in financial and banking sector in Turkey. The need to recapitalize financially in challenged institutions is the driving factor of consolidation. Deregulation and globalization leads to rise in competitive trade that promotes restructuring in the financial sector services as a strategic response. Turkeys banking and financial sector has its own experience of effects of globalization and the effects of deregulation on the optimal boundary of firms in these sectors. The free market forces or the pull and push factors encourage entry of foreign banks in the host nations financial market. The low level of competition, the potential of accessing new markets in the host countries especially in developing countries is equally responsible for the entry of foreign banks (Velde, pg 87). There are benefits and costs of entry of a foreign bank in the financial and banking sector of the host nation. The benefits include bringing new technology, financial support for needy banks and new techniques of risk management. Other benefits include the continuation of lending to economies experiencing shocks that have potential of adversely affecting the banking sector and cushion the financial capital that may leave or flee the nation during crisis. The entry of foreign banks tends to boost the quality and performance of corporate governance thus enhancing efficiency of the host nations banks hence stabilizing the economy. However, the entry of foreign banks and financial institutions carry with them certain risks such as negative shocks leading to instability thus weakening the local banking sector and the failure by such foreign banks to provide financial assistance in times of crisis. The regulations in host nations many a times do not control the activities and operations o f foreign banks (Pascual, pg 44). Turkey experiences increase in the entry of foreign banks into the country due globalization and deregulation that attract such financial institutions. The host countries such as Turkey view deregulation and entry of foreign banks as a solution of solving the problem of high levels of debt. The urge to boost international trade and improve technology in a bid to modernize the local banking sector informs the decision by countries such as Turkey to pursue deregistration as a method of enhancing trade. The host country, which is Turkey, hopes that entry of foreign banks may spur savings and widen the service and product base.After financial crisis; countries try to attract foreign investment from banks that may be able to take advantage of the low prices in the host nations market. The concept of foreign banking is informed by the fact the banks enjoy the information and contacts with the manufacturing firms in the host nation at a lower cost. The removal of regulations and effects of globalization makes it easier for a foreign bank to enter in the host country (Velde, pg 88). The financial crisis of 2000-2001 resulted in restructuring of the banking sector in Turkey that really affected the optimal boundaries of firms in the banking and financial sector. This financial crisis provoked the interest of foreign banks to take over the local Turkish banks at a cheaper price. During the crisis, the foreign banks engaged in mergers and acquisitions that increased their share by 0.66 percent. The Shares of the foreign banks have continued to increase because they purchased through the stock exchange. The growth of EU banking system has been a motivating factor for consolidation of banks. The American banking system led to big financial institutions, as JP Morgans Chase that took over Bank One. These big American institutions have reached their optimal level in America and are currently seeking opportunities in foreign countries like Turkey that have high growth potential(Caprio ,pg 96). The participation of foreign banks in the privatization process and in Turkey is likely to increase in the future and equally increase the foreign share in the local or domestic market. The foreign banks focus on local banks that provide home and consumer credits besides serving the corporate clients. For example, the Finans Bank was able to attract National Bank of Greece due the high quality of its retail products that includes consumer loans, checks, insurance and car loans. Dexia purchased the Denizbank to improve its customer base that grew to 1.4 million customers in Turkey. The Citigroup too bought 20 percent equity interest in the Akbank to strengthen is hold and position in Turkey. These firms were able to improve their optimal boundaries due to globalization and deregulation. The push factor for some of these foreign firms now operating in Turkey was the low level of profitability in their home countries. These banks equally moved in to Turkey in order to diversify their op erations and client base (Agdish, pg 102). The urge to boost international trade and subsequent investment inform the decision by some banks to expand abroad. For example, the entry of Greece firms in Turkey was to invest in certain sectors such as tourism, navigation and industry. The small size of banking sector in Greece makes their banks to expand into countries such as Turkey .The ING bank for example continues with its activities of leasing and involvement in the insurance sector while Sekerbank continue to invest in the agriculture, construction and tourism sectors following its financial deal with Bank Turam Alem. EFG Euro bank and NBG have interest in clients dealing with commercial and industrial enterprises (Agdish, pg 103). There are effects of deregulation and globalization on financial institutions and banks in Turkey and this affects the optimal boundary firms in these sectors positively or negatively. The level and degree of effect on financial institutions vary depending on the nature and size of their assets, the level of risk aversion, government support and their ability to manage the changing financial environment. Some banks benefitted from such financial conditions while others continue to experience adverse effects. Structural changes in the banking sector are some of the results of entry of foreign banks in the Turkish financial sector as they influence credit analysis, operational and financial planning, human capital and marketing (Ali, pg 56). The financial market in Turkey improved with the entry of foreign banks thus making the domestic banks to withstand the financial crisis. The decline of interest rates, technological transfer, improvement in risk management and transparency are some of the benefits of entry of foreign banks to the optimal boundary of banks such as Turam Alem Bank, EFG Euro bank and NBG. The services offered in the banking sector have continue to increase in variety such as the internet banking and other financial instruments, efficiency increases with the entry of foreign banks into Turkey due to increase in the use of computer technology and less man power. These foreign banks facilitate the entry of foreign capital in Turkey and continue to fund large-scale projects due to their relationship and link to the global financial markets (Ali, pg 57). In conclusion, it is important to note that deregulation results in free flow of goods, capital and services without any manner of interference or control by the government except in cases where the firms engage in fraudulent activity. Deregulation is a key feature of free market economy and has direct impact on the optimal boundary of firms in the banking and financial sector in Turkey .Globalization leads to minimal national border barriers this affects the optimal boundary of banking and financial firms in Turkey , which increases competition and easy entrance into new markets. Stock exchange is one of the common features of free market concept since foreign banks are able to engage in business with their local and domestic counterparts through trading on the stock exchange. It is equally important to note that globalization and deregulation can have positive or negative impact on the performance of the financial and banking system depending on the strategies and strengths of firm s. The entry of foreign banks into Turkeys banking sector resulted into restructuring of the financial sector due to the transfer of information and technology.

Happiness: John Stuart Mill vs Immanuel Kant :: Utilitarianism Essays

Happiness. People go to any means by which to obtain the many varied materials and issues that induce pleasures in each individual, and intrinsically, this emotion remains the ultimate goal, John Stuart Mill, a nineteenth century philosopher, correctly advocated the pursuit of happiness, and maintained the concept that above all other values, pleasure existed as the final destination, Mill's hedonistic views correctly and rationally identified a natural human tendency, and his Utilitarian arguments strongly support the theory that above all else, happiness is the most important dream to be fulfilled. Upon researching for this paper, I came across a counter argument, which was based on metaphysics. Immanuel Kant, in Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, defends his strong beliefs in the issue of a good will, and surfaces as MM's chief opponent on the topic of metaphysics, The issue diminishes to a clash between emotions and pleasures ve rses rationality and logic. Yet, what use is logic when the good agent is miserable? Mill's stance within Utilitarianism exists as the more favorable of the two beliefs, for happiness exist as the one intrinsically favorable element, not an emotionless mind. The main defender of the Utilitarian system exists within the Greatest happiness Principle. Mill lived as a chief advocate of this concept, which supports the idea that a decision is morally correct as long as it increases and encourages pleasures and happiness. Kant, however, in his endless quest to remain separate from emotions and thrive only on logic, would argue that autonomy should be placed above happiness in a list of intrinsic values. A good will, however, does not comfort an individual in any way if happiness does not accompany this asset, Consider this example of a seemingly happily married couple. The wife in this duo is madly in love with her husband fiercely loyal, and completely happy with her marriage and children. The husband, however, as wrongfully strayed, and had a brief, but damaging affair behind his wife's back. Kant would argue that autonomy reigns over pleasure, and the woman should therefore want to be informed of her husband's adultery, Mill would greatly disagree. By revealing the secret of the past affair, the woman's happy world would be instantly shattered. Her pride would diminish, her stability would fall apart, and the children especially would be forced to view a nasty side of their beloved father. In this case, individual control is greatly overshadowed by the need for happiness. The husband is no longer acting unfaithful and the family can easily continue to live in a happy realm, If the secret were to

Coming to Terms :: Personal Narrative Writing

Coming to Terms It's not a light bulb that suddenly turns on. It's not a bolt of lightning that strikes you without pain. It's more like a boot; a steel toe boot that literally drops out of the sky and kicks you directly in the face, knocking out the majority of your teeth and smashing your nose into a bloody mess. That's more what it's like when you come to a realization. All that talk of a magical epiphany is left in the dust while the boot moves on to its next victim. It doesn't let you see through some new set of eyes; it dulls your other senses so that all you can do is see. You see what you've been missing for a long time. Being a person of many passionate convictions, its fair to say that I've had to have facial reconstructive surgery quite a few times. It most notably happened my sophomore year of college, taking a class called â€Å"Cubans in the USA .† Of course my family warned me that the professor was a raging communist, known for such ghastly evils as not believing in the embargo, questioning the motives of the Cuban American National Foundation, and, dare I say it, not thinking that Fidel Castro was the anti-Christ in the flesh! (Oh no! Stone Him!) So sure enough, the first day I went in, wearing a Cuban flag pendant, guns ablaze, ready to strike down this hedonistic infidel with my passionate patriotism. But something happened. He told us to give him a chance to ward off these notions our grandmothers instilled in us. (Oh no, he's already using some evil mind control technique! ) But I did give him a chance. And at the end of the semester, I was eager to learn more of how to correct my mis-education, without loosing my sense of pride in my background, while slowing recovering from the boot's most vicious attack. But even more recently, and more notably, it happened during our visit to the South Florida Water Management District. I scanned the website the night before class and went in on Friday morning, armed with my deep, uncontestable knowledge of the everglades, ready to battle this evil government agency whose sole purpose had to be to serve as a faà §ade for the fact that the government didn't care about the everglades.

Different Topics Writings

The following sentence is an example of Engfish: â€Å"The Nixon years are perhaps the most well remembered and least forgotten in the eyes of the American people. † I chose this example because it was a sentence that I actually wrote for a history paper. After learning what Engfish was, I was a bit surprised to find this type of writing in my OWN papers! Not only did I state that the Nixon years were the â€Å"most† well remembered, I went on to further expound on the fact that they were also the â€Å"least† forgotten.Of course, it goes without saying that if something is the most remembered, it is also the least forgotten, but without my own voice yet discovered, and not knowing what my teacher â€Å"wanted† or â€Å"was looking for†, I wrote like this – to fill space and sound a bit more formal. Looking at it now, it seems funny. I could have simply written, â€Å"no one will ever forget the Nixon years†. Let’s not forget â €Å"in the eyes of the American people†.First of all, people don’t remember things in their eyes, and more than the American people will remember the Nixon years. If I wanted to restrict the subject, I could have written, â€Å"America will never forget the Nixon years. † Fabulous Reality: The fenced-in school yard echoed of bouncing basketballs, jump rope chants, creaky swing chains and the clanging of eager children pushing and pulling on the fence. At the front of the one story building was a sign that said â€Å"Parent Teacher Conferences Oct. 27-29 and Fall Festival October 30†.On the west side of the drab brick building that faced the stone and asphalt playground, there were some cracked windows taped with duct tape on the outside, while children’s art work and colorful curtains decorated the interior. The bricks of the medium sized building were decorated with black scribbles from spray paint cans. Teens – alumnus of the building â₠¬â€œ stating that they had been there, whom they loved, and what teachers they hated. Amid the scribbles arose a large yellow smiley face, perfectly round with oval eyes and a broad black smile. There was a bloody bullet hole in its head.Metaphor/simile 1: My significant other is better than the finest waiter at the finest restaurant. He treats my feelings as if they were the most valuable porcelain dishes, with soft gloves, and quick and light attention. He lingers in my neck to catch my scent as would a wine lover with a bottle of newly opened wine. He has an artist’s eye for my eyes, staring at them and studying them to find what lies beneath. I feel like a million bucks and he is the millionaire, keeping close tabs on me, but letting me grow and work into something more as he both flaunts and protects me.Metaphor/simile 2: The child’s coos are sweeter than the sweetest song ever composed or heard. Her eyes are more beautiful than the reflection off of the deep blue water when it catches the sun on its brightest days. Her smile is as sincere as her parent’s love for her. Her cries are only reflections of need, not sadness. When others are around her, her joy is spread as easily as warm butter on warm bread. Her beauty is as evident as is her existence. This tiny little baby girl brings more warmth and joy than a Christmas day fire, yet she does not even know it.

Kentucky Fried Chicken – Management Mission and Values of the Cupola Group

_ {draw:rect} __ {draw:frame} {draw:rect} {draw:g} _ _ {draw:frame} {draw:rect} {draw:g} _ Table of Contents {text:toc-mark-end} Acknowledgement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. 3 {text:toc-mark-end} Mission Statement {text:toc-mark-end} †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 Vision†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} Company Overview {text:toc-mark-end } †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} KFC In Pakistan {text:toc-mark-end} †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} Cupola Pakistan {text:toc-mark-end} †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} KFC Facts {text:toc-mark-end} †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} Performance Overview {text:toc-mark-end} †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} Organization {text:toc-mark-end} Structure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦11 {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} Advertisement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 Organizational Culture†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 12 Food, Fun & Festivity, this is what KFC is all about. Leading the market since its inception, KFC provides the ultimate chicken meals for the Chicken Loving Nation. Be it Colonel Sanders secret Original Recipe Chicken or the Hot & Spicy version, every bite brings a YUM on the face. At KFC we proudly say: _ KFC has more than 11,000 restau rants in more than 80 countries and territories around the World__. In 1971, Heublein, Inc. acquired KFC, soon after, conflicts erupted between the Colonel (which was working as a public relations and goodwill ambassador) and Heublein management over quality control issues and restaurant_ _ {draw:frame} _ _ {draw:frame} _ _ {draw:frame} _ _ {draw:frame} _ _ {draw:frame} _ _ {draw:frame} _ _ {draw:frame} _ _ {draw:frame} _ Mission statement: KFC is an internationally renowned fast food industry in the world. They have the main ambition to increase & maintain the quality in fast food industry. Their aim is to capture the fast food market. Basically they want to provide their products to anyone that is why they expending their branches in all over the world. They want to increase their profit through giving maximum satisfaction VISION â€Å"Our passion, as a restaurant company, is to put a YUM on people's faces around the world, satisfying customers every time they eat our food and doing it better than any other restaurant company†. still used today. â€Å"We Do Chicken Right† Perfecting its secret recipe of 11 herbs and spices in 1939, KFC has come a long way, with over 10,000 outlets in the world; KFC has maintained its title, for the last 60 years, of being â€Å"The Chicken Experts†. Kentucky Fried Chicken has become KFC. Does anybody know why? We thought the real reason was because of the â€Å"FRIED† food issue. It's not. The reason why they call it KFC is because they can not use the word chicken anymore. Why? KFC does not use real chickens. They actually use genetically manipulated organisms. These so called â€Å"chickens† are kept alive by tubes inserted into their bodies to pump blood and nutrients throughout their structure. They have no beaks, no feathers, and no feet. _ Their bone structure is dramatically shrunk to get more meat out of them. This is great for KFC because they do not have to pay so much for their production costs. There is no more plucking of the feathers or the removal of the beaks and feet. _ KFC In Pakistan Presently KFC is branched out in nine major cities of Pakistan (Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Multan, Peshawar, Sialkot, Hyderabad, and Islamabad) with 45 outlets nation-wide. Opening the first KFC outlet in Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi in 1997, and KFC wore the title of being the market leader in its industry. Serving delicious and hygienic food in a relaxing environment made KFC everyone’s favorite. Since then, KFC has been constantly introducing new products and opening new restaurants for its customers. About Cupola Cupola is a Dubai based multinational company involved in several business including, oil gas exploration, plastic cards, retail markets and food franchising. Cupola Pakistan Cupola holds the master franchise rights to operate KFC in Pa_kistan since 1999. That was a major difference that when Cupola takes complete Operate in Pakistan that was only 05 Outlets in all over Pakistan, and then now the major difference that Cupola takes 45 Outlets in Pakistan. _ Apart from fulfilling the commitment of serving delicious, fresh and hygienic food and at the same time providing the customers with the ultimate entertainment; KFC also plays part in the economic development of our country. KFC Facts Presently KFC has provided employment to over 1200 Pakistanis, which adds up to 6000 individuals directly dependent on KFC Pakistan. The Government of Pakistan receives over Rs. 10 to 11 million per month from KFC Pakistan as direct taxes. 95% of all food and packaging material used in KFC Pakistan is procured locally, which sums up to a purchase of over Rs. 35 million per month. Each new outlet developed by KFC Pakistan costs approximately Rs. 40 million, which is a huge amount for our construction industry. Annual turn over in Pakistan_ 2. 5 billion. _ KFC doesn’t buy its supplies from Pakistan â€Å"KFC and Pakistan†¦Growing Together† Performance Overview: Organizational Structure: Competition: KFC does not consider Mc Donald’s are its direct competitors. As Mc Donald’s has a limited menu and cater to different segments of society e. g. Mc Donald is catering to lower middle society of Pakistan. Though KFC has faced a little competition from local restaurants but their breakeven in terms of revenue has been done and they are planning to expand further to other cities like Islamabad and Peshawar. Yum! Brands, Inc. International Presence & Competition: The International Portfolio of 5 leading U. S. Brands give Yum! a distinctive advantage over the single-brand competitors. {draw:frame} Customers KFC’s customer market consists solely of the consumer market (Kotler et al 2003). KFC’s products are bought by individuals (males, females, singles, and families). Therefore, the product range KFC offer should appeal to as many people within this consumer market as possible, to ensure that the maximum amount of products can be sold. The characteristics of these individuals and a segmentation of them are discussed later in this report. Company KFC is a multinational fast food chain company that has successfully established itself in the Pakistan market. It has a long history, going back to where Colonel Harland Sanders created its distinct recipes. The KFC brand is well known in Pakistan, which makes it a powerful marketing tool to use against competitors. _ {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} Advertising {text:toc-mark-end} {text: toc-mark-end} One of KFC's_ advertisements is a commercial advertising its â€Å"wicked crunch box meal†. The commercial features a fictional black metal band called â€Å"Hellvetica† performing live, the lead singer then swallows fire. The commercial then shows the lead singer at a KFC eating the â€Å"wicked crunch box meal† and saying â€Å"Oh man that is hot†. _ _In 2007, the original, non-acronymic Kentucky Fried Chicken name was resurrected and began to reappear on company marketing literature and food packaging, as well as some restaurant signage. _ Organizational Structure: The KFC adopted traditional structure for their outlets that other food chains are following. There is one General Manager for Pakistan. The outlet is leaded by the Manager, assisted by two assistant managers, and one shift in-charge for each shift, that supervises the performance of counter workers and kitchen workers. Organizational Chart {draw:frame} ORGANISATION CULTURE _ {draw:frame} _ Big on diversity in the workplace _- Promotes differences in background, ethnic cultures, and values_ – Team-oriented environment – Focuses on teaching everybody something new – Promotes unity in the workplace – Focuses on building relationships and creating diversity and commitment within the company and amongst employees and customers FOUNDING TRUTHS Satisfied customers and profitability follow. _ Respond To The Voice Of The Customer†¦Not just listen. _ _ The Restaurant General Manager Is Our #1 Leader†¦Not senior management. _ _ Run Each Restaurant As If It’s Our Only One†¦Avoid the trap of the averages. _ _ Recognition Shows You Care†¦People leave when you don’t. _ _ Quality In Everything We Do†¦Especially the food. _ Refocused international strategies _ Competitive marketing strategy_ _ Distribution strategy_ WEAKNESS: Management Shift text:list-item} {text:list-item} THREATS: Consumer health food trend {text:list-item} BRINGING ABOUT EFFICIENCY Lesser production costs Building healthy customer relationships Efficient hierarchical structure within the company starting from area_ manager till the food service team members_ _Every single chicken goes through Quality Assurance Lab. _ Porters Five Force Analysis {draw:frame} Entry _For the current Pakistanmarket for fast food, it is not diffi cult for a fast food restaurant to enter the market. However, it would be extremely difficult to take over already running major fast food chains' dominancy in Pakistanor even make a significant amount of profit. While there are enough people in urban Pakistanfor any restaurant to survive, KFC holds the first-mover advantage into the ‘non-veg food specialty food segment' that gives them free reputation. Customers, especially children who are used to going to KFC as a treat or reward from their parents or grandparents, are not going to want to go to other restaurants they’ve never heard of. The brand name is already established. Also, there is already a large variety in the numerous western-style dining places in Pakistan, such as _ McDonald’s, Pizza Hut, Domino's and Subway, and any new fast-food entrants would just be presenting something very similar to what’s already there. While small _Neighborhood restaurants generally have low barriers to entry, these are the _barriers to entry for similar restaurant businesses to enter the fast-food chain market. The customers of KFC, especially as individual buyers, have almost no bargaining power because if only one customer threatens to no longer eat at KFC, the store is not going to lower its price because the cost of losing one customer is not very great. The suppliers, like the buyers, have very little bargaining power. _In terms of food, KFC, upon its move into Pakistan, urged many of its U. S. suppliers to also extend branches into Pakistan. KFC also began helping local suppliers by giving them technological support to improve their products. This is a brilliant strategy because the supplies that KFC would otherwise need to import from the _ U. S. can now be obtained domestically, and if the U. S. suppliers decide to raise their prices, KFC can easily switch to the local suppliers. This gives us a brilliant strategy. With this strategy, KFC created competition among its suppliers, lowering the supplier bargaining power. In terms of human resources, labor cost is extremely low because the supply of non-skilled workers great exceeds the demand for them. With so little buyer and supplier bargaining powers, KFC is able to have a very tight control over its prices and expenditures. As mentioned above, there are a few major competitors in the fast-food industry _in Pakistanfor KFC, namely McDonald’s, Pizza Hut, Domino's and Subway. The substitute products, in this case, would be burgers, pizza, and sandwiches. Though they are competitors, their primary products differ greatly from each other, in that they sell, chicken, burgers and fries, pizzas, and sandwiches, respectively. Traditional _ Pakistandining, home-cooked meals, and grocery stores with ready-to-eat foods are also substitutes, as families could choose any one of these over fast food for a meal. These substitutes are definitely considered healthy as compared to the fast food chains. Even foods from street vendors count as substitute goods. Unlike what one would expect, KFC has little rivalry with similar fast-food chains in _Pakistan. The primary reason is that their core products are different, as in they sell different kinds of fast foods with very different tastes and styles. For example, if KFC raised its price for chicken by a small amount, Pakistan chicken lovers who may not be as accepting to pizzas (many Pakistanpeople strongly dislike the taste of cheese) are not going to switch to Pizza Hut just because the price for KFC increased. In addition to that, these restaurants have such different target customers that the fluctuation of price for one restaurant is not going to affect the others. For example, a full meal at KFC ranges about Rs. 100, whereas a full meal at Pizza Hut can cost over Rs. 300. The drastic difference in price assures no price competition between these restaurants. _ {draw:frame} _ {draw:frame} _ {draw:frame} _ {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} {text:toc-mark-end} {text:toc-mark-end} Boston Consultancy Group (BCG) Matrix {text:toc-mark-end} {text:toc-mark-end} {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} {text:bookmark} { text:toc-mark-start} Question Mark: {text:toc-mark-end} {text:toc-mark-end} _Currently KFC have launched a new product in the market. They have also tried to come into the beverages market by launching its new brand of shakes called KRUSHERS. As it is a fairly new product it comes in the category of the Question Mark in the BCG Matrix. It has a low market share thus brings low revenue. KFC is advertising a lot to popularize this product so there is a lot of expenditure on it. This product is individually not bringing any profits and is a cash drain for the company. Company may decide to completely remove this product from the market if it does not do well soon and start bringing in revenue. _ {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} DOG: {text:toc-mark-end} {text:toc-mark-end} KFC’s Veg Thali comes under this category. Although company had launched this product much earlier, it has still failed to become a success. As KFC is known more for its non-veg food, this also results in low demand for this item. It has a low market share and although low on expenditure (as company does not spend on its promotion), it does not bring in much revenue as demand is low. The product is mostly CASH NEUTRAL. {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} CASH COW: {text:toc-mark-end} {text:toc-mark-end} KFC’s Chicken Bucket is the most successful product of the company. It has the highest market share amongst all the other products. It has good demand in the market and brings in huge sales revenue. The development and other expenses are also low and thus this product is a CASH SIRPLUS for the company. {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} {text:bookmark} {text:toc-mark-start} STAR: {text:toc-mark-end} {text:toc-mark-end} KFC Business Strategy KFC fast-food chains are currently under the restaurant division of PepsiCo Incorporated. Some major threats include the changing attitudes of society toward healthier eating habits, KFC has more than 9,800 outlets located in 77 countries. In marketing, KFC restaurants are not restricted from locating within close proximity of other KFC restaurants. There are two alternative strategies for KFC. The first strategy involves keeping PepsiCo beverage division and snack foods division together, and a divestiture of PepsiCo restaurant division; selling Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, and KFC. Market Strategies: KFC Target Market: KFC targets the young generation, as here in this country the young generation is more towards eating out and is more energetic. It targets the early single segment that is the upper class. Aggregation Strategy: KFC does not need aggressive marketing or advertising because Brand is strong enough. Market Segmentation: Previously they were focusing on single segment that was through Niche Marketing by offering â€Å"Combo Deals†. Now they are focusing more on other classes as well. They are dealing in masses by introducing value deals; most recently introduced â€Å"Zinger Junior†. Benefits: Colonel’s value combo meals introduced previously were expensive and so there were less sales but through their recent offers, they have increased the sales by offering low prices. Purpose: Inflation highly affects the purchasing power of the customers. And here the purchasing power of many customers is low. To cover this major segment, they have introduced affordable meals, so that it is in reach of the masses. Want Specification: The people here need a friendly and family restaurant, which must be affordable for them. Consumer Market Segmentation: Region: Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Multan, Peshawar, Sialkot, Hyderabad and Islamabad Geographic: Gulberg: The main Gulberg branch is situated on M. M Alam Road, which covers a wide area and serves a large number of customers. This restaurant faces competition with many top Fast Food restaurants located on the same road. Defence: Their Defence Branch in H-Block focuses the potential customers of Defence. Barket Market: This branch covers the area of Model Town, Johar Town, Muslim Town, Garden Town and Faisal Town. It is situated among many offices and banks. Cavalry Ground: Shadman: The Shadman branch is located on Jail Road and serves potential customers. Thokar Niaz Baig: This restaurant branch serves latent customers. Mall Road: Fortress Stadium: Marketing Mix: Marketing mix consists of 4P’s. It contains everything a firm can do to influence the demand for its product. The 4P’s are: PRODUCT PRICE PLACE PROMOTION Their product is classified as consumer product as it has no intermediates. KFC offers specialty goods. The stock turn over of KFC is high. Price and quality of the product is always compared. Their product includes {text:list-item} _ written with it. _ comes in mind. KFC Brand: {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} Brands Equity Branding Strategies KFC is marketing the entire output under products own brand. Complementary Branding Packaging Strategies They use paper material for packaging to avoid health hazards and environmental pollution. Labeling Pricing In introduction stage KFC entered the market using market-skimming strategy. Their products were high price and targeted only upper class. Gradually they trickle down focusing on the middle class to penetrate the market. Also KFC follows one price strategy. Price is determined according to the rates of the raw materials and policies of the Govt. The political and legal forces often affect the policies of KFC and eventually results in change of prices that is due to imposing of taxes. KFC has only one channel of distribution i. e. direct where the goods are transferred to the consumer directly. KFC has no middlemen. KFC does distribution of consumer goods directly to the consumer. KFC also does distribution of services to the consumer like parking, sitting, home delivery, etc. KFC gets Wheels! KFC launched its first mobile unit, which took the streets of Karachi by storm. The mobile unit has been designed to cater to the needs of those who are on the go, and have little time to stop by at a restaurant. It also provides a unique convenience of enjoying the delicious KFC offering anytime, anywhere, thus making fast food truly fast and convenient. KFC intends to further develop its mobile network nationwide through more such units KFC does intensive distribution on its outlets. (All and everything on every outlet). The logo features Colonel Harland Sanders that is one of the best logo in the world has created its name as a standard in the market. Today the Colonel’s Spirit and heritage are reflected in KFC’s brand identity. KFC by its advertisements derives the d esire in the customer to come and enjoy healthy food in their favorite restaurant. They spend 2% of its profits on advertisement. They use print media and most recently doing televised marketing to promote it products. Their advertising media involve: Newspapers, Pamphlets, Billboards and Television. KFC does both the primary demand advertising (â€Å"Become a Chicken Fanatic†) and the selective demand advertising (e. g. â€Å"Zinger Meal†). In its advertising it give informative messages like â€Å"Faryad: Keep the city Clean†. KFC does institutional advertising to stimulate demand. When KFC offers new products then it does product advertising. KFC’s ad’s act as counteracts which means to drive the customer to KFC i. e. it uses pull advertising strategy. _ {draw:frame} _ Unlike McDonald’s, KFC’s promotion is highly decentralized. It adopts cultural values for their advertisements PSO had made a scheme in which PSO had given the coupons of KFC having 10% off. (1 coupon was given after each purchase of 10 liters of petrol) KFC in its advertisements says; â€Å"Nobody does chicken like KFC† â€Å"We do chicken right† The message conveyed in the ads is recognition for the brand. KFC does competitive advertisement with its head on competition with McDonalds. Regarding this KFC uses Pricing below competition strategy. KFC sponsor’s many NGO’s and other social welfare organizations like Regular sponsorship to SOS village. Sponsorships to FARYAD_ a plant and life association. FARYAD: Keep The City Clean†. They also offer different deals according to the season and occasions. _ Quality Assurance: Food Safety: Chicken & its Products: Locally produced and processed chicken. Supplied in frozen form Marketing Research and methods to collect information: Marketing research was done before launching the product through different mediums. It was conducted after the survey that mostly students prefer to go to KFC than other people. The second in majority were people who are in services. That covers the majority of this country. {draw:frame} _ {draw:frame} {draw:frame} {draw:frame} {draw:frame} Strategic management: Market Development Product Development Concentric Diversification Implementations: {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} Recent Achievement of KFC The Stevie International Business Awards KFC Pakistan was honored to receive the awa rd among 100 countries and 800 participants. The award was presented to Mr. Rangoonwala by Mr. Graham Allan, President, YUM Restaurants International at a recent conference in Prague, Czech Republic. KFC is a very strong chain of fast food restaurants with more than 10,000 restaurants all over the world. Being in â€Å"Maturity Stage† it has high opportunities of introducing its new products and deals. In Future it will be expanding its chain by introducing more outlets in Pakistan as well as in other countries. Believe in value creation. Provide ultimate choice of quick service restaurants for consumers. Won the hearts of millions of Pakistanis _ {draw:frame} _ References: Yum! Brands, Inc. http://www. yum. com KFC http://www. kfc. com KFC Barkat Market Mr. Shabir (Marketing Manager)

Outsourcing Plan Essay

1. Outsourcing has become a way to increase an organization’s flexibility to meet rapidly changing market conditions, focus on core competencies and develop competitive advantage. As a result, the need for SM has intensified and positioned Supply Managers as agents of strategic change critical to supply chain success. A. True 2. Outsourcing decreases an organization’s flexibility to meet rapidly changing market conditions, but it can usually reduce total costs in the long-term B. False 3. Early supply management involvement is an approach in supply management to bring the expertise and collaborative synergy of suppliers into the design process. A. True 4. The strategic sourcing plan should be developed in a collaborative environment that includes all relevant functional area representatives and supply chain members. A. True 5. Foreign governments never impose countertrade requirements. B. False 6. Statutory rates are full rates for tariffs. A. True 7. Which of the following is not a strategic issue in making the outsourcing decision? A. The issue of short-term vulnerabilities. 8. Which of the following is a consideration that favors buying a product? B. Multiple source policy 9. Which of the following is not one of the conditions demanding negotiation? C. Market must consist of adequate number of sellers.

Farhenheit 45

Literary Analysis Could you ever imagine living in a world where books were not allowed, houses were fireproof, and firemen started fires instead of putting them out? Ray Bradbury created this dystopian society of backwards thinking in his novel Fahrenheit 451. When he wrote the book, during the Cold War, the United States was beginning to censor many things and his fear of what it would turn into inspired him to write this novel. In Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury overly exaggerates a future society from where the United States in the 1950’s was heading through loss of humanity from television and the theme of censorship by; yet, the symbol of rebirth detracts from the overall effect of exaggeration. In Fahrenheit 451 Mildred, Guy Montag’s wife, is a mindless human being. She has a television show that she calls her â€Å"family† and she insists on watching it every time it is on. For example when she is arguing with Montag about reading she says, â€Å"Books aren’t people. You read and I look all around but there isn’t anybody!†¦ Now my family is people. They tell me things: I laugh, they laugh! And the colors!†¦ Why should I read? What for! † (73;ch. 2). This quote illustrates the fact that all she does is sit around and believes to be interacting with people, when in fact she is just talking to a television show. When she wants another television installed she tells Montag â€Å"Its only two thousand dollars and I think you should consider me sometimes. If we had a fourth wall, why it’d just be like this room wasn’t ours at all, but all kinds of exotic people’s rooms† (20;ch. 1). This line spoken by Mildred shows the reality of her mindless television show consuming her life and that she no longer thinks like a human being. Society’s goal in essentially hypnotizing its citizens was successful. Any person with sense such as Montag would know that it is outrageous to buy another screen when they cannot afford it. Mildred is a perfect example of a mindless person who allows the government to control her and thinks books are harmful. People like her make this society achieve its goals in censorship by burning books. In several cases the narrator is just as mindless as Mildred. For example, the book burning process is supported when the book states, â€Å"You were simply cleaning up. Janitorial work essentially,† and â€Å"they pumped rooms full of [kerosene]† it is supporting the book burning process (37-38;ch. 1). These statements are guilty of sustaining book burning. Also when Captain Beatty, the chief of the fire department, says, â€Å"I want you to do this all by your lonesome, Montag. Not with kerosene and a match, but piecework, with a flame thrower. Your house your clean up,† it illustrates how he is asking a horrible task be done (116;ch. ). Burning books, the only source of unchanging knowledge, is a horrific task to take on. Burning books is like taking away freedom and because they are no longer physically available humans have to memorize them. When Montag gets caught for having books he runs away. He does such a good job that even the mechanical hound can’t find him. When the search for him is seeing no hope they kill a random man alone on the street. At this point Granger, one of the traveling book men, says to Montag, â€Å"Welcome back from the dead† (150;ch. 3). This quote resembles the rebirth and final transformation of Montag from a regular in society. It detracts from the exaggeration because it symbolizes the life of memorizing books, which is the total opposite of eradicating them. Another time when rebirth is mentioned is when Granger tells Montag about the phoenix, â€Å"There was a silly damn bird called a phoenix back before Christ, every few hundred years he built a pyre and burnt himself up†¦ but every time he burnt himself up he sprang out of the ashes, he got himself born all over again† (163;ch. 3). This example takes away from Bradbury’s effect because it symbolizes new life, which the government does not want; they want it to stay the way it is. Ray Bradbury creates a dystopian society in the novel by expressing loss of humanity, censorship, and rebirth through many examples in the book. Throughout Fahrenheit 451 everyone is trapped under the government’s supervision except for the ones who are smart enough to escape through the knowledge of books, such as Montag. During the entire novel Mildred is an example of an individual consumed by the government’s rules and loss of humanity from TV.

Adaptation Mcdonalds

More recently, it also offers salads, fruit and carrot sticks. The business began in 1940, with a restaurant opened by Dick and Mac McDonald in San Bernardino, California. Their introduction of the â€Å"Speedee Service System† in 1948 established the principles of the modern fast-food restaurant. The present corporation dates its founding to the opening of a franchised restaurant by Ray Kroc, in Illinois on April 15, 1955, the ninth McDonald’s restaurant overall. Kroc later purchased the McDonald brothers’ equity in the company and led its worldwide expansion. 3 †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ What are the advantages and disadvantages of adaptation strategy used by McDonald’s? 4 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of adaptation strategy Advantages: †¢ Different cultures have different consumer needs and tastes †¢ Political and legal environment of the international market that they plan to enter †¢ Differences among nations in terms of cultures, religious believes, political and legal systems, customer values and lifestyles, and stages of economic and market development †¢ Differences in the advancement of technology †¢ Competition plays a major role in determining if a company will adopt a product adaptation scheme 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of adaptation strategy Disadvantages: †¢ The costs associated with adaptation can also play a major role in determining whether or not a firm chooses to standardize their product 6 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of adaptation strategy †¢ †¢ †¢ Cross any boarder and you will find multiple variations from price to product, starting with the presentation. Misconception that McDon alds is the same everywhere. Country teams have considerable autonomy to develop and market new product lines. Menu differences: Netherlands and Austria– Beer Germany – Chinese Week Canada – Mc Pizza India – Goat and lamb burgers half of menu vegetarian Japan – ingredients such as cabbage and Teriyaki USA – Barbecue bacon Burgers, sausage breakfast burritos 7 Are there examples of truly global brands that never customized? 8 Are there examples of truly global brands that never customized? Truly global Brands : †¢ In general we can say that straight extension (=standardization) has been implemented and already been successful with cameras, consumer electronics, and many machine tools. Stihl ( machinery and chainsaw producer) Nikon Olympus, Canon ( camera producers) Kitchen Aid (consumer electronics ) Caterpillar (trucks, bulldozers) †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ 9 What have been the key factors that have led to McDonald’s global success? 10 2. What have been the key factors that have led McDonalds to global success? †¢ †¢ †¢ Fast service enabled by a limited menu, focus on cleanliness, family friendly facilities, good value for money Emergence of cash-rich, time-poor lifestyle Societal acceptance of a more casual approach to eating on the run underscored the emergence of McDonalds Innovations in food preparation technology and service delivery providing a fast- service format that customers appreciate as well as a cost base that competitors found hard to match Waiter labor cost savings passed on directly to the consumers through lower prices McDonalds was the leader to introduce franchising in the global marketplace, augmenting the organic restaurant growth by harnessing the management, cultural and entrepreneurial capabilities and capital of local businesspeople around the world. Expanding across the globe Increasing restaurant penetration in already existing markets †¢ †¢ †¢ 11 2. What have been the key factors that have led McDonalds to global success? Key Faktors: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Economies of scale in production and distribution Power and scope Brand image was country suited Ability to leverage ideas quickly and efficiently Uniformity of marketing practices Pervasiveness of McDonalds brand 12 2. What have been the key factors that have led McDonalds to global success? †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ McDonald’s is seen as the number one representative of the all American lifestyle, which at the time when the expansion began was very popular. In some countries it is still a status symbol to go and have a meal at McDonald’s. Generally the cooperation is at pains to offer a selection of standardized core products ( Big Mac, Soft drinks, French Fries) in addition to locally accepted alternatives. Giving the multinational cooperation a local Face (thinking of Salzburg’s restaurant) In order to use synergies on the one hand and reduce national competences on the other a supranational administrative department had been set up in Europe. McDonald’s. has always been supported by US foreign policy Sources : http://de. wikipedia. org/wiki/McDonald’s; Kotler/Keller Marketing Management 13 What are the risks and benefits of choosing the franchising system for franchisor? 14 3. Risks and Benefits of franchise system Benefits for franchisor: The franchisor profits from the strongly motivated franchisee as a self-dependent entrepreneur †¢ The franchising as a way to overcome the resource scarcity through the direct market access †¢ The ability to overcome the high costs of arranging the new distribution network through using the well tailored network of franchisor †¢ Low capital investments for the product placement and region marketing through the franchisee †¢ The benefits from using a recognized brand name and trade marks through the reputation of the franchisor †¢ Extended expansion possibility through franchising 15 3. Risks and Benefits of franchise system Risks for franchisor: †¢ The existence of multiple, geographically dispersed owner-managers makes the control difficult †¢ Possible high costs of training development, promotional and support activities of franchisee †¢ Service delivery may be inconsistent because of geographically dispersed franchisees 16 What are the key issues by setting up a McDonald’s Franchisee? 17 4. Risks and Benefits of franchise system Benefits for the franchisee: †¢ Your business is based on a proven idea. You can check how successful other franchises are before committing yourself. †¢ You can use a recognized brand name and trade marks. You benefit from any advertising or promotion by the owner of the franchise – the â€Å"franchisor†. †¢ The franchisor gives you support – usually including training, help setting up the business, a manual telling you how to run the business and ongoing advice. †¢ Financing the business may be easier. Banks are sometimes more likely to lend money to buy a franchise with a good reputation. †¢ Risk is reduced and is shared by the franchisor. †¢ If you have an existing customer base you will not have to invest time looking to set one up. Relationships with suppliers have already been established. †¢ The ability to overcome the resource constrains. 18 4. Risks and Benefits of franchise system Risks for franchisee: †¢ Costs may be higher than you expect. As well as the initial costs of buying the franc hise, you pay continuing royalties and you may have to agree to buy products from the franchisor. †¢ The franchise agreement usually includes restrictions on how you run the business. You might not be able to make changes to suit your local market. †¢ The franchisor might go out of business, or change the way they do things. †¢ Other franchisees could give the brand a bad reputation. You may find it difficult to sell your franchise – you can only sell it to someone approved by the franchisor. 19 4. Costs and Restrictions Costs: Financial Requirements/Down Payment : Initial down payment for opening (40% of the total cost) or an existing restaurant (25% of the total cost) about 200. 000 $ nonborrowed resources Financing: McDonald’s does not offer financing; McDonald’s Owner/Operators enjoy the benefits of our established relationships with many national lending institutions 20 4. Costs and Restrictions Restrictions: During the term of the franchise, you pay McDonald’s the following fees: †¢ Service fee: a monthly fee based upon the restaurant’s sales performance (currently a service fee of 4. 0% of monthly sales). Rent: a monthly based rent or percentage rent that is a percentage of monthly sales. †¢ Application: Personal, non-borrowed resources to be invested in a McDonald’s restaurant business. †¢ Business experience in the market where they are seeking a franchise 21 What strategy would you adopt to ensure a great exposure for McDonald’s to a growing trend towards healthier eating? 22 5. Healthier eating at McDonald’s Currently: †¢ †¢ Low fat products in UK outlet Canadian light choices of Menu with a Soya bean McVeggie Burger, salads with a fat free dressing and a granola topped fruit yoghurt On packaging calorie and fat content information for the first time as it tries to counter the obesity lobby †¢ 23 5. Healthier eating at McDonald’s Future perspectives: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Using biologically grown resources Fat reduced meals Healthier ways of processing the food (eg. : don’t fry chips but bake them, less white bread burgers, regular vegetarian dishes,) Healthy, freshly squeezed Mc Shakes etc. Healthier Drinks not only Sodas To ensure high-quality, fresh ingredients, farms are set up in order to supply restaurants 24 Sources: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ www. McDonalds. com www. freeforessays. com/show_essay/55461. html D. Jobber â€Å"Principles and Practice of Marketing† Sources : http://de. wikipedia. org/wiki/McDonald’s Kotler/Keller Marketing Management 25 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION 26 Adaptation Mcdonalds More recently, it also offers salads, fruit and carrot sticks. The business began in 1940, with a restaurant opened by Dick and Mac McDonald in San Bernardino, California. Their introduction of the â€Å"Speedee Service System† in 1948 established the principles of the modern fast-food restaurant. The present corporation dates its founding to the opening of a franchised restaurant by Ray Kroc, in Illinois on April 15, 1955, the ninth McDonald’s restaurant overall. Kroc later purchased the McDonald brothers’ equity in the company and led its worldwide expansion. 3 †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ What are the advantages and disadvantages of adaptation strategy used by McDonald’s? 4 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of adaptation strategy Advantages: †¢ Different cultures have different consumer needs and tastes †¢ Political and legal environment of the international market that they plan to enter †¢ Differences among nations in terms of cultures, religious believes, political and legal systems, customer values and lifestyles, and stages of economic and market development †¢ Differences in the advancement of technology †¢ Competition plays a major role in determining if a company will adopt a product adaptation scheme 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of adaptation strategy Disadvantages: †¢ The costs associated with adaptation can also play a major role in determining whether or not a firm chooses to standardize their product 6 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of adaptation strategy †¢ †¢ †¢ Cross any boarder and you will find multiple variations from price to product, starting with the presentation. Misconception that McDon alds is the same everywhere. Country teams have considerable autonomy to develop and market new product lines. Menu differences: Netherlands and Austria– Beer Germany – Chinese Week Canada – Mc Pizza India – Goat and lamb burgers half of menu vegetarian Japan – ingredients such as cabbage and Teriyaki USA – Barbecue bacon Burgers, sausage breakfast burritos 7 Are there examples of truly global brands that never customized? 8 Are there examples of truly global brands that never customized? Truly global Brands : †¢ In general we can say that straight extension (=standardization) has been implemented and already been successful with cameras, consumer electronics, and many machine tools. Stihl ( machinery and chainsaw producer) Nikon Olympus, Canon ( camera producers) Kitchen Aid (consumer electronics ) Caterpillar (trucks, bulldozers) †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ 9 What have been the key factors that have led to McDonald’s global success? 10 2. What have been the key factors that have led McDonalds to global success? †¢ †¢ †¢ Fast service enabled by a limited menu, focus on cleanliness, family friendly facilities, good value for money Emergence of cash-rich, time-poor lifestyle Societal acceptance of a more casual approach to eating on the run underscored the emergence of McDonalds Innovations in food preparation technology and service delivery providing a fast- service format that customers appreciate as well as a cost base that competitors found hard to match Waiter labor cost savings passed on directly to the consumers through lower prices McDonalds was the leader to introduce franchising in the global marketplace, augmenting the organic restaurant growth by harnessing the management, cultural and entrepreneurial capabilities and capital of local businesspeople around the world. Expanding across the globe Increasing restaurant penetration in already existing markets †¢ †¢ †¢ 11 2. What have been the key factors that have led McDonalds to global success? Key Faktors: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Economies of scale in production and distribution Power and scope Brand image was country suited Ability to leverage ideas quickly and efficiently Uniformity of marketing practices Pervasiveness of McDonalds brand 12 2. What have been the key factors that have led McDonalds to global success? †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ McDonald’s is seen as the number one representative of the all American lifestyle, which at the time when the expansion began was very popular. In some countries it is still a status symbol to go and have a meal at McDonald’s. Generally the cooperation is at pains to offer a selection of standardized core products ( Big Mac, Soft drinks, French Fries) in addition to locally accepted alternatives. Giving the multinational cooperation a local Face (thinking of Salzburg’s restaurant) In order to use synergies on the one hand and reduce national competences on the other a supranational administrative department had been set up in Europe. McDonald’s. has always been supported by US foreign policy Sources : http://de. wikipedia. org/wiki/McDonald’s; Kotler/Keller Marketing Management 13 What are the risks and benefits of choosing the franchising system for franchisor? 14 3. Risks and Benefits of franchise system Benefits for franchisor: The franchisor profits from the strongly motivated franchisee as a self-dependent entrepreneur †¢ The franchising as a way to overcome the resource scarcity through the direct market access †¢ The ability to overcome the high costs of arranging the new distribution network through using the well tailored network of franchisor †¢ Low capital investments for the product placement and region marketing through the franchisee †¢ The benefits from using a recognized brand name and trade marks through the reputation of the franchisor †¢ Extended expansion possibility through franchising 15 3. Risks and Benefits of franchise system Risks for franchisor: †¢ The existence of multiple, geographically dispersed owner-managers makes the control difficult †¢ Possible high costs of training development, promotional and support activities of franchisee †¢ Service delivery may be inconsistent because of geographically dispersed franchisees 16 What are the key issues by setting up a McDonald’s Franchisee? 17 4. Risks and Benefits of franchise system Benefits for the franchisee: †¢ Your business is based on a proven idea. You can check how successful other franchises are before committing yourself. †¢ You can use a recognized brand name and trade marks. You benefit from any advertising or promotion by the owner of the franchise – the â€Å"franchisor†. †¢ The franchisor gives you support – usually including training, help setting up the business, a manual telling you how to run the business and ongoing advice. †¢ Financing the business may be easier. Banks are sometimes more likely to lend money to buy a franchise with a good reputation. †¢ Risk is reduced and is shared by the franchisor. †¢ If you have an existing customer base you will not have to invest time looking to set one up. Relationships with suppliers have already been established. †¢ The ability to overcome the resource constrains. 18 4. Risks and Benefits of franchise system Risks for franchisee: †¢ Costs may be higher than you expect. As well as the initial costs of buying the franc hise, you pay continuing royalties and you may have to agree to buy products from the franchisor. †¢ The franchise agreement usually includes restrictions on how you run the business. You might not be able to make changes to suit your local market. †¢ The franchisor might go out of business, or change the way they do things. †¢ Other franchisees could give the brand a bad reputation. You may find it difficult to sell your franchise – you can only sell it to someone approved by the franchisor. 19 4. Costs and Restrictions Costs: Financial Requirements/Down Payment : Initial down payment for opening (40% of the total cost) or an existing restaurant (25% of the total cost) about 200. 000 $ nonborrowed resources Financing: McDonald’s does not offer financing; McDonald’s Owner/Operators enjoy the benefits of our established relationships with many national lending institutions 20 4. Costs and Restrictions Restrictions: During the term of the franchise, you pay McDonald’s the following fees: †¢ Service fee: a monthly fee based upon the restaurant’s sales performance (currently a service fee of 4. 0% of monthly sales). Rent: a monthly based rent or percentage rent that is a percentage of monthly sales. †¢ Application: Personal, non-borrowed resources to be invested in a McDonald’s restaurant business. †¢ Business experience in the market where they are seeking a franchise 21 What strategy would you adopt to ensure a great exposure for McDonald’s to a growing trend towards healthier eating? 22 5. Healthier eating at McDonald’s Currently: †¢ †¢ Low fat products in UK outlet Canadian light choices of Menu with a Soya bean McVeggie Burger, salads with a fat free dressing and a granola topped fruit yoghurt On packaging calorie and fat content information for the first time as it tries to counter the obesity lobby †¢ 23 5. Healthier eating at McDonald’s Future perspectives: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Using biologically grown resources Fat reduced meals Healthier ways of processing the food (eg. : don’t fry chips but bake them, less white bread burgers, regular vegetarian dishes,) Healthy, freshly squeezed Mc Shakes etc. Healthier Drinks not only Sodas To ensure high-quality, fresh ingredients, farms are set up in order to supply restaurants 24 Sources: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ www. McDonalds. com www. freeforessays. com/show_essay/55461. html D. Jobber â€Å"Principles and Practice of Marketing† Sources : http://de. wikipedia. org/wiki/McDonald’s Kotler/Keller Marketing Management 25 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION 26