Comparing Microsoft Windows NT and Unix

The decision to utilize Microsoft Windows NT horde or one of the many Unix in operation(p) arrangements is the clientele of many IS managers around the world today. Unix is not a single operating system it refers to a family of operating systems which includes AIX, BSDI, Digital UNIX, FreeBSD, HP-UX, IRIX, Linux, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Pyramid, SCO, Solaris, SunOS, just to name a few. Microsoft Windows NT has a well-known reputation. But these managers welcome to consider whether or not choosing a Microsoft product can increase the companys profits.The cost of the network operating system (NOS) pass on be the ultimate factor in their decision. It is not just the initial cost of the hardw ar however, but rather many other factors give inquire to be considered to insure that further maintenance costs atomic number 18 not overwhelming. For instance, softw atomic number 18 licenses will have to be procured. Technical support agreements will need to be assessed. The costs of upgrades /service packs, hardw atomic number 18 upgrades will need to be weighed for some(prenominal) compositors cases of systems.Determining which system has a greater occurrence of glitches can be a factor in estimating lost profits for every hour of downtime. If the company should experience a glitch, how substantial will personnel costs for recovering/recreating data be? Knowledgeable systems administrators will need to be employed to maintain the system. This task is not to be taken lightly as these are only some of the situations to be considered prior to making a decision on which NOS to purchase.Since accruing costs is a primary concern for managers, the conditions previously discussed give an recital that a combination of horde hardware and operating systems seems to be the most cost-effective option for long term use. Unix is a fully developed, group of operating systems known for its performance, reliability, and security in a server environment. On the other hand, Windows N T Server has the advantage of Windows 95s popularity. This desktop operating system is already being apply in homes and offices everywhere.Before making the operating system decision a manager should consider visiting the local library to research the particular subject. It will be difficult to find current unbiased literature. But a determined manager or QM student should be able to separate the alpha information from personal preferences. Most of the older books are concerned with theory using Unix as a guide. For current information, periodicals are the best source. But as stated earlier, much of it is very biased one way or the other. The preferences are split down the middle with half of the professionals supporting Unix or a Unix stress and the other half supporting Microsoft products.Operating systems (OS) were origin every last(predicate)y developed as a large set of instructions for large mainframe computers in order to control the hardware resources of the mainframe. Th ereafter, they have been developed to run on smaller and smaller computers, first mini computers then on the new personal computers (PC). But, the main job of the OS was the same, a layer between the hardware and the user.The main reason for having an OS is for the application programmers to have a common stem upon which to run their applications, no matter what hardware is being used. One important function of the OS is to perform file management. This allows applications to read or write to phonograph recording, irrespective of the hardware being used or how it is stored. Without this feature programmers would have to write new programs for every different type of hardware and every different type of hardware configuration. However, Microsoft Windows is the dominant PC OS, so most of the applications written today are written for the Windows environment.When businesses initially began to use desktop PCs in the 1980s, there was no connection between PCs and mainframes or between the PCs themselves. The PC was normally used for word processing, spreadsheets, etc. Soon users wanted to more efficiently share resources than turn swapping allowed. A solution emerged, networking, and to control these resources, network operating systems (NOS) were developed. At first NOSs allowed the most basic of functions like sharing printers and files. Soon the NOSs role expanded greatly to management of the resources in the local network, and to link up with other local area networks (LAN), therefore creating wide area networks (WAN).NOSs controlled the network through a server. The server only controlled the resources directly linked to it and the PCs used a second OS that controlled their specific hardware. Peer-to-peer networks later developed. While using a peer-to-peer LAN there was no need for a dedicated server, which was great for small businesses with few users. But with many users and large amounts of data, a greater need surfaced for a dedicated server.Managers w ithout experience or experience with systems and network administration find it difficult to choose a server platform. This report will attempt to compare and contrast Microsoft Windows NT Server and Unix, a mixture of commercial and non-commercial operating systems originating from the same source so they share many similarities. The main focus of the paper is to assist managers in choosing a network operating system using quantitative methods. The issues of comparison discussed are in the areas of product costs and licensing, functionality, reliability, and performance. These are presented to provide a more ace view of these products.Most managers will agree that the mere cost of an operating system is trivial when evaluating the big picture. Although Windows NT Server 4.0 can be expensive, a Unix variant can be bought for a minor dollar amount. In order to match the functionality of a BSDI (a variant of Unix) installation, additional Microsoft products and third party solutions would bring the terminal price of a comparable NT solution within a reasonable cost.What can you expect from Windows NT Server and from Unix immediately after acquiring the systems? NT and Unix can both communicate with many different types of computers. Both Unix and NT can secure sensitive data and keep unauthorized users off the network. Essentially, both operating systems meet the minimum requirements for operating systems functioning in a networked environment.As computers become more and more utilized in our world today, reliability is the more significant feature, level off more important than speed. Although performance is largely a function of hardware platform, it is in the area of reliability that the choice of operating systems has the most influence. An operating system may offer more functionality. Also, it may be more scalable. To add to that it may even offer greater ease of system management. But if you are constantly being challenged with glitches in the system and are unable to even get any use out of the system because it is always down, what good are these advantages?Processing power is largely a function of computer hardware rather than of the operating system. Since most commercial Unix operating systems run only on high-end workstations or servers, Unix has historically been considered an operating system for high-end hardware. To say that Unix outperforms NT based on the results of differing hardware would be unfair to Microsoft.One should compare NT Servers performance to that of Linux or FreeBSD, since all three operating systems run on the same hardware which is Intel, the hardware-type most often used with NT. A truly unbiased comparison of performance would have to be based on benchmarks, but these are few and usually only focus on specific areas like web performance. There are some specific issues that affect performance. Unix does not require a graphical user interface to function while NT does. Graphics require incredible a mounts of disk space and memory, the same holds true for sound files.This report provides assistance to managers in selecting a NOS to implement. Comparison points have been presented which are factors in the decision making process. These decision factors have become apparent through research and experience. Each specific decision factor is weighted on its significance concerning the network operating system. Listed to a lower place is the comparison of the factors between Unix and NT.*The training factors are based on amount of training required, less training is rated as more desirable.Using quantitative methods with the amount in figure 1 the following scenario has been developed. A manager is interested in purchasing a NOS for his company. He would benefit by first evaluating the items on this list, rating each factor from one to ten, the most desirable being ten. An example is given below.